The protective effect of vitamin C and chitosan on oxidative biomarkers in gills of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to cadmium chloride

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of antioxidants, vitamin C and chitosan, on oxidative stress markers in gills of fish during exposure to cadmium chloride. Fish were fed with either of commercial diet (control group), chitosan enriched diet (100 mg Kg-1 feed), Vitamin C enriched diet (100 mg Kg-1 feed), or chitosan + vitamin C enriched diet, and simultaneously exposed to 0.2 mg L-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days. At the end of experiment, oxidative stress biomarkers such as catalase activity, total antioxidant and malondialdehyde as well as cellular biochemical parameters including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities were measured. The aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and catalase activities as well as malondialdehyde levels significantly increased in gill cells of fish exposed to cadmium chloride, while the cellular total antioxidant levels and alanine aminotransferase activity signific.....