Effect of pre-treatment with Raffinose Oligosaccharide and Pediococcus acidilactici bacteria on some hematological indices of goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to silver nanoparticles

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of pre-treatment of bacteria Pediococcus acidilactici and oligosaccharide raffinose on hematological indices of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) during exposure to nanosilver. Accordingly, 300 fish were fed for 6 weeks in four treatments. After the end of the feeding period, 50% of the lethal nano-silver concentration (0.5 mg/L) was added to the treatments for the 14-day exposure, and blood sampling was performed. Neutrophil, monocyte and RBC indices did not differ significantly in treatments (P>0.05), but the number of white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, eosinophil were significantly different with the control group in different treatments (P<0.05). The results of eosinophil showed that exposure to silver nanoparticles caused a significant effect of dietary supplements and increased the amount of blood eosinophil (P<0.05), so that the bacteria and synbiotics have the same function, but raffinose had a growth-enhancing effect. The study of hematocrit index showed that dietary supplements undergoing exposure to silver nanoparticles had a significant effect on the hematocrit index and its increase (P<0.05), so that the bacteria and raffinose had the same function, but synbiotic was able to produce the increasing effect. The results of hemoglobin showed that exposure with silver nanoparticles had a significant effect on hemoglobin (P<0.05). Food supplements had a positive effect on goldfish immune system and increased hemoglobin in exposure to nanosilver. The raffinose had the same performance, but the bacteria had an increasing effect. According to the results, the dietary supplement of the bacteria had the highest effect on the hemoglobin indices and it has been effective in co-administration with other supplements in the blood monocyte index. Raffinose supplementation had the greatest effect on RBC, and eosinophilic indices. Among the supplements, the synbiotic food with effect on hematocrit, white blood cell, neutrophil, biochemical among food supplements has more effect.