Evaluation of genetic variability of longspine scraper Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) populations from Kurdistan province using IRAP markers

Genetic variability of longspine scraperpopulations from the Choman, Shui, Garmab (Baneh region), Gheshlagh, Sirvan, Gaveh-Rud (Sirvan region), Rowar (Marivan region) of Kurdistan province were examined using Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism markers (IRAP) method. IRAP molecular markers data analysis showed the highest and the lowest number of bands, polymorphic bands, percent of polymorphic bands, number of different bands, number of private bands, number of effective bands, Shannon's information index and expected heterozygosity in the Rowar and the Garmab populations, respectively. The highest and the lowest genetic distance was observed between the Rowar and the Shui populations and between the Choman and the Garmab populations, respectively. The molecular variance analysis results revealed that 9% of genetic variance was between geographic regions, 16% among and 75% within the populations. The highest and lowest gene flow rates (number of migrations per generation) were observed among the Choman, Garmab, Rowar and Shui populations, respectively. Phylogentic relationships of the populations were evaluated using the maximum parsimony methods. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Marivan region is in a sister clade with the regions of Baneh and Sirvan. The results of this study showed that although the longspine scraper population of Marivan region was different from other populations, the existence of similarities prevents its complete separation. However, fish belonging to each population of the studied geographical areas can be distinguished by their private bands. The results of this research showed that the IRAP marker has high reproducibility and greater power in detecting genetic diversity and can be used effectively to study the genetic diversity of fish, including the longspine scraper species.