Interactive effect of replacing Dunaliella salina algae by agricultural by-products and probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus on digestive enzymes activity of Artemia franciscana

Ahmadnia motlagh, H.R., Farhangi, M. and Hosseinifer, S. H., 2009. Potential application of probiotics as a modulator of artemia nauplii bacterial load. In: International workshop of Artemia, Biology and Distribution Symposium. 19-20, June, Urmia, Iran. Ahmadnia motlagh, H.R., Farhangi, M., Rafiee, Gh. and Noori, F., 2012. Modulating gut microbiota and digestive enzyme activities of Artemia urmiana by administration of different levels of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Aquaculture International, 20:693–705. Anh, N.T.N., Van Hoa, N., Van Stappen, G. and Sorgeloos, P., 2009. Effect of different supplemental feeds on proximate composition and Artemia biomass production in salt ponds. Aquaculture, 286(3): 217-225. Balcázar, J.L., De Blas, I., Ruiz-Zarzuela, I., Cunningham, D., Vendrell, D. and Múzquiz, J.L., 2006. The role of probiotics in aquaculture. Veterinary microbiology, 114(3): 173-186. Balcázar, J.L., Vendrell, D., De Blas, I., Ruiz-Zarzuela, I., Muzquiz, J.L. and Girones, O., 2008. Characterization of probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from intestinal microbiota of fish. Aquaculture, 278(1): 188-191. Bengtson, D.A., Leger, P. and Sorgeloos, P., 1991. Use of Artemia as a food source for aquaculture. Artemia biology, 11: 255-285. Bernfeld, P., 1955. Amylases, α and β. Methods in enzymology, 1: 149-158. Bogut, I., Milaković, Z., Bukvić, Ž., Kristek, S. and Zimmer, R., 1998. Influence of probiotic (Streptococcus faecium M74) on growth and content of intestinal microflora in carp (Cyprinus carpio). Czech Journal of Animal Science, 43(5): 231-235. Bradford, M.M., 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1-2): 248-254. Chong, A.S.C., Hashim, R., Lee, C.Y. and Ali, B.A., 2002. Partial characterization and activities of proteases form the digestive tract of discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciata). Aquaculture 203, 321-333. Coutteau, P., Brendonck, L., Lavens, P. and Sorgeloos, P., 1992. The use of manipulated baker's yeast as an algal substitute for the laboratory culture of Anostraca. Hydrobiologia, 234(1): 25- 32. Douillet, P., 1987. Effect of the bacteria on the nutrition of the brine shrimp Artemia fed on the dried diets. In: Sorgeloos, P., Bengtson, D.A., Decleir, W., Jaspers, E. (Eds.), Artemia Research and its Applications. Ecology, Culturing, Use in Aquaculture, volume 3. Universa Press, Wetteren, Belgium, pp. 295– 308. El‐Haroun, E.R., Goda, A.S. and Chowdhury, K., 2006. Effect of dietary probiotic Biogen® supplementation as a growth promoter on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaculture Research, 37(14): 1473-1480. Garcia‐Carreno, F.L. and Haard, N.F., 1993. Characterization of proteinase classes in langostilla (Pleuroncodes planipes) and crayfish (Pacifastacus astacus) extracts. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 17(2): 97- 113. Hoseinifar, S.H., Mirvaghefi, A., Amoozegar, M.A., Sharifian, M. and Esteban, M.Á., 2015. Modulation of innate immune response, mucosal parameters and disease resistance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) upon synbiotic feeding. Fish & shellfish immunology, 45(1): 27-32. Iijima, N., Tanaka, S. and Ota, Y., 1998. Purification and characterization of bile salt activated lipase from the hepatopancreas of red sea bream, Pagrus major. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 18: 59–69. Imani, A., Yazdanparast, R., Farhangi, M., Bakhtiyari, M. and Saljoghi, Z.S., 2009. Effect of different food deprivation periods on digestive enzyme activities of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture Eroupe 2009, Torndheim, Norway, pp. 191-192. Jamali, H., Imani, A., Abdollahi, D., Roozbehfar, R. and Isari, A., 2015. Use of Probiotic Bacillus spp. in Rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) and Artemia (Artemia urmiana) Enrichment: Effects on Growth and Survival of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, Larvae. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 7(2), 118-125. Lashkarizadeh, M., Farhangi, M., Agh, N. and Safari, O., 2011. Comparison of the digestive enzyme activities in Artemia urmiana from nauplii to adult stages using different diets. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 20: 115- 128. Lavens, P. and Sorgeloos, P., 1996. Manual on the production and use of live food for aquaculture. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 361. Rome, FAO. 295p. Macey, B.M. and Coyne, V.E., 2005. Improved growth rate and disease resistance in farmed Haliotis midae through probiotic treatment. Aquaculture, 245(1): 249-261. Moraiti-Ioannidou, M., Castritsi-Catharios, J., Miliou, H. and Sorgeloos, P., 2009. Biochemical composition and digestive enzyme activity during naupliar development of Artemia spp from three solar saltworks in Greece. Aquaculture, 286(3): 259-265. Noori, F., Van Stappen, G. and Sorgeloos, P., 2012. Preliminary study on the activity of protease enzymes in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus, Borodin, 1897) larvae in response to different diets: effects on growth and survival. Aquaculture Research, 10: 198- 207. Orozco-Medina, C., Maeda-Martı́nez, A.M. and López-Cortés, A., 2002. Effect of aerobic gram-positive heterotrophic bacteria associated with Artemia franciscana cysts on the survival and development of its larvae. Aquaculture, 213(1): 15-29. Ownagh, E., Agh, N., and Noori, F., 2015. Comparison of the growth, survival and nutritional value of Artemia using various agricultural by-products and unicellular algae Dunaliella salina. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 14(2), 358-368. Pavasovic, A., Anderson, A.J., Mather, P.B. and Richardson, N.A., 2007. Influence of dietary protein on digestive enzyme activity, growth and tail muscle composition in redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens). Aquaculture Research, 38(6): 644-652. Pavasovic, M., Richardson, N.A., Anderson, A.J., Mann, D. and Mather, P.B., 2004. Effect of pH, temperature and diet on digestive enzyme profiles in the mud crab, Scylla serrata. Aquaculture, 242(1): 641-654. Ringø, E. and Gatesoupe, F.J., 1998. Lactic acid bacteria in fish: a review. Aquaculture, 160(3): 177-203. Rungraungsak-Torrissen, K., Lied, E. and Espe, M., 1994. Differences in digestion and absorption of dietary protein in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with genetically different trypsin isozymes. Journal of Fish Biology, 45(6): 1087-1104. Rungruangsak-Torrissen, K., 2012. Trypsin and its implementations for growth, maturation, and dietary quality assessment. Trypsin: Structure, Biosynthesis and Functions, pp.1-59. Samain, J.F., Moal, J., Daniel, J.Y., Le Coz, J.R. and Jezequel, M., 1980. The digestive enzymes amylase and trypsin during the development of Artemia: effect of food conditions. The Brine Shrimp Artemia, 2: 427-443. Sanders, M., Morelli, L. and Tompkins, T., 2003. Sporeformers as human probiotics Bacillus, Sporolactobacillus and Brevibacillus. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2(3): 101-110. Seebaugh, D.R., Wallace, W.G., L’Amoreaux, W.J. and Stewart, G.M., 2012. Carbon assimilation and digestive toxicity in naïve grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) exposed to dietary cadmium. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 88(3): 449-455. Skrodenytė-Arbaĉiauskienė, V., 2007. Enzymatic activity of intestinal bacteria in roach Rutilus rutilus. Fisheries science, 73(4): 964- 966. Sorgeloos, P., Baeza-Mesa, M., Bossuyt, E., Versichele, D. and Bernardino, A., 1980. Culture of Artemia on rice bran: The conversion of a waste-product into highly nutritive animal protein. Aquaculture, 21(4): 393- 396. Sorgeloos, P., Dhert, P. and Candreva, P., 2001. Use of the brine shrimp, Artemia spp., in marine fish larviculture. Aquaculture, 200(1): 147-159. Sunde, J., Taranger, G.L. and Rungruangsak-Torrissen, K., 2001. Digestive protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 25(4): 335-345. Wang, Y.B. and Xu, Z.R., 2006. Effect of probiotics for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) based on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 127: 283–292. Wang, Y.B., 2007. Effect of probiotics on growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of the shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, 269: 259- 264. Wang, Y.B., Li, J.R. and Lin, J., 2008. Probiotics in aquaculture: challenges and outlook. Aquaculture, 281(1): 1-4.