اثر متقابل جایگزینی جلبک Dunaliella salina با فرآورده های فرعی کشاورزی و پروبیوتیک Lactobacillus rhamnosus بر فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی Artemia franciscana

نویسندگان

دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تاثیر جایگزینی جلبک Dunaliella salina با فرآورده­های فرعی کشاورزی (سبوس گندم، سبوس برنج و ترکیب سبوس گندم/برنج) و پروبیوتیک Lactobacillus rhamnosus بر فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی Artemia franciscana طی یک دوره کامل پرورشی 17 روزه پس از سیست گشایی انجام گرفت. این مطالعه بصورت یک آزمایش عاملی 4×2 شامل 8 تیمار غذایی (تلفیقی از سطوح مختلف جایگزینی جلبک Dunaliella salina با سبوس گندم، سبوس برنج، سبوس گندم/سبوس برنج به همراه پروبیوتیک) در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی ساده و در سه تکرار طراحی و اجرا گردید. در پایان آزمایش فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار سبوس گندم بدون پروبیوتیک بیشترین تأثیر را بر فعالیت آنزیم آمیلاز (3/0±06/2 میکرومول مالتوز بر میلی­گرم پروتئین در دقیقه) داشت (05/0>p). آرتمیای تغذیه شده با جلبک Dunaliella salina و پروبیوتیک (87/0±11/7 واحد فعالیت آنزیمی بر میلی­گرم پروتئین در دقیقه) دارای بیشترین فعالیت آلکالین پروتئازی و تیمار ترکیبی سبوس گندم/برنج به همراه پروبیوتیک (005/0±009/0 میلی­مول پارانیتروفنل بر میلی­گرم پروتئین بر ساعت) دارای بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم لیپاز بودند               (05/0>p). این مطالعه نشان داد که پروبیوتیک مورد استفاده در این آزمایش، موجب کاهش میزان فعالیت آنزیم آمیلاز گردید، اما اثر آن بر میزان فعالیت آنزیم­های آلکالین پروتئاز و لیپاز با توجه به نوع منبع غذایی مورد استفاده بسیار متفاوت بود، به طور مثال در زمان تغذیه آرتمیاها با جلبک Dunaliella salina موجب افزایش قابل توجه فعالیت آنزیم آلکالین پروتئاز گردید، در حالیکه استفاده توام آن با ترکیب سبوس گندم و برنج موجب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم لیپاز شد. همچنین نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که Artemia franciscana از قابلیت تنظیم الگوی آنزیم­های گوارشی خود بر اساس نوع جیره مصرفی برخوردار است. بنابراین می­توان چنین نتیجه­گیری نمود که در کشت انبوه آرتمیا در استخرهای خاکی، استفاده همزمان سبوس گندم و برنج برای تغذیه آرتمیا موجب افت قابل توجه فعالیت آمیلاز و آلکالین پروتئاز می­گردد که می­تواند بر قابلیت هضم و سرانجام جذب مواد مغذی اثر گذاشته و  سبب کاهش تولید یا افت کیفیت محصول نهایی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Interactive effect of replacing Dunaliella salina algae by agricultural by-products and probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus on digestive enzymes activity of Artemia franciscana

چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing Dunaliella salina algae by agricultural by-products (wheat bran, rice bran and wheat/rice bran) and probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus on digestive enzymes activity of Artemia franciscana in a 17-day period post hatch. The study was a 4×2 factorial experiment carried out as a completely randomized design trial consisting of different dietary treatments (combinations of various substitution levels of Dunaliella salina by wheat bran, rice bran and wheat/rice bran along with probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus). All treatments were performed in triplicates. At the end of the trial, digestive enzymes activity was assayed. The results revealed that Artemia fed wheat bran without any dietary probiotic supplementation showed significantly higher amylase activity (2.06±0.3μmol maltose mg protein-1 min-1) (p<0.05). Treatment fed Dunaliella salina algae and probiotic showed significantly higher alkaine protease activity (7.11±0.87 U mg protein-1 min-1) and those fed wheat/rice bran with probiotic had significantly higher lipase activity (0.09±0.005 mmol p-nitrophenol mg protein-1 min-1) (p<0.05). It was revealed that dietary probiotic inclusion resulted in decreased amylase activity whilst its effect on the alkaline protease and lipase activities were totally dependent upon the feed ingredients (e.g., simultaneous feeding of artemia by Dunaliella salina algae and probiotic led to higher alkaline protease activity, while receiving probiotic resulted in higher lipase activity in group fed wheat/rice bran). Our results also showed that digestive enzyme profile of Artemia franciscana was responsive to dietary treatment. Conclusively, using wheat/rice bran in artemia pond culture would result in inferior digestive enzymes activity especially alkaline protease and lipase with subsequent effects on nutrient digestion/absorption efficiency and undesirable effects on pond productivity and final product quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Probiotic
  • Digestive enzyme
  • Agriculture by-product
  • Artemia franciscana
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